PCB Circuit Board Production Process

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1. **Print the Circuit Board**: Use transfer paper to print the circuit board design, ensuring the glossy side faces up. It's advisable to print two boards on a single sheet. Select the print with the best quality for PCB circuit board production.

2. **Cut the Copper-Clad Plate**: The copper-clad plate is a circuit board with copper film on both sides. Cut it to the appropriate size for your PCB board, making sure not to cut it too large to save materials.

3. **Pretreatment of Copper-Clad Plate**: Polish the surface of the copper-clad plate with fine sandpaper to remove the oxide layer. This ensures that the carbon powder from the thermal transfer paper adheres properly to the copper-clad plate during the transfer process. The surface should be bright and free of obvious stains.

4. **Transfer the Circuit Board**: Cut the printed circuit board to the right size and align the printed side with the copper-clad plate. Place the assembly into a heat transfer machine, ensuring the transfer paper is properly aligned. Typically, after 2-3 applications of heat, the design will be firmly transferred to the copper-clad plate. Preheat the transfer machine to a temperature between 160-200 degrees Celsius and exercise caution while operating due to the high temperatures.

5. **Corrode the Circuit Board**: First, check if the transfer on the circuit board is complete. Any incomplete areas can be fixed with a black oil pen. Then, submerge the board in a corrosive solution until all exposed copper is thoroughly etched away. After removal from the corrosive liquid, clean the board. The corrosive solution should consist of 1 part concentrated hydrochloric acid, 2 parts concentrated hydrogen peroxide, and 3 parts water. Always add water first, followed by the acids. If the solution accidentally spills on skin or clothing, rinse immediately with water. Due to the use of corrosive substances, safety precautions are crucial.

PCB Circuit Board Production Process

6. **Drill the PCB Board**: Drilling is necessary to insert electronic components into the PCB board. Choose the appropriate drill bit size based on the thickness of the electronic component pins. Ensure that the PCB board is stable during drilling, and do not operate the drill rig at excessively slow speeds. Monitor the operator closely during this process.

7. **Pretreat the PCB Circuit Board**: After drilling, use fine sandpaper to remove any toner from the circuit board and rinse it with water. Once dry, apply rosin water to the traced side of the board. To speed up the solidification of the rosin, use a hot air fan for 2-3 minutes.

8. **Solder Electronic Components**: After attaching the electronic components to the board, proceed to power the circuit.

**Analyze the Design Principle of Mixed-Signal PCB Boards**:

The operation of analog circuits relies on continuous changes in current and voltage, while digital circuits function based on detecting high or low voltage levels at predefined thresholds, essentially determining a “true” or “false” logic state. Between these high and low levels exists a "gray" area where digital circuits can sometimes exhibit analog characteristics, particularly during transitions from low to high states. Rapid transitions can result in overshoot and ringing reflections.

In contemporary board design, the definition of mixed-signal PCBs can be vague. Even devices considered purely "digital" often contain analog circuits and effects. Therefore, early design stages should include simulations to ensure accurate timing allocation. This is especially important for communication products that must operate reliably for years, as well as in mass-produced, low-cost, high-performance consumer products.

Why Choose China PCBA Supplier KSPCBA as Your PCB Circuit Board Production Manufacturer?

– Experienced and skilled team

– State-of-the-art equipment

– Strict quality control

– Excellent customer service

– Competitive price